Biology

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Browsing Biology by Author "Dominic Ravichandran"

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    Alginate in Bone Tissue Engineering
    (ResearchGate, 2017-12) Dominic Ravichandran
    Regenerative medicine has witnessed a paradigm shift from synthetic implants and tissue grafts to a bone tissue engineering (BTE) approach that incorporates biodegradable bioceramic composite scaffolds with biological cells. Polysaccharides, a biodegradable naturally occurring polymer can be useful either as carriers systems for active biomolecules or as cell carriers. It plays a crucial role to mimic the natural extra cellular matrix (ECM) for the development of 3D scaffold material in BTE and regenerative medicine. Alginate, a natural polysaccharide acts a biodegradable gel when cross-linked with calcium ions. Further, it encapsulates and immobilizes a variety of cells for immunoisolatory and biochemical processing applications. The bone-forming osteoblast cells can easily be attached to the alginate surface and therefore can proliferate well. Hence, alginate is widely utilized in BTE for its bioavailability, biodegradability, and ease of access.
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    Chicken Bone as a Bioresource for the Bioceramic
    (Taylor & Francis, 2012-06-20) Dominic Ravichandran
    Natural hydroxyapatite (HAP) is isolated from waste chicken bone by thermal calcinations at different temperatures in the range of 200 ◦C to 1000 ◦C. The isolated HAP has been characterized using thermo gravimetric analysis (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA), Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission electron microscope (FE-SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The XRD results showed that the enhanced crystallinity of HAP phase by thermal calcination above 600 ◦C and the crystal size has been found to increase with increasing temperature of thermal calcinations due to agglomeration. Value addition for the waste chicken bone is given by the isolation of useful bioceramics (HAP) and the optimum temperature for the thermal calcination is found to be 600 ◦C. The isolated HAP has been characterized as carbonated HAP of B type with the hexagonal structure.