School of Social Science

Permanent URI for this community

https://ds.dmiseu.org/handle/123456789/1

Browse

Browsing School of Social Science by Author "Karunakaran, Emmanuel"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    A Comprehensive Analysis of Alcohol and Tobacco Use in India: Prevalence and Predictors from NFHS-5
    (International Journal of Contemporary Research in Multidisciplinary, 2025) Karunakaran, Emmanuel
    This study provides a comprehensive analysis of alcohol and tobacco use among Indian adults using data from the National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5, 2019–2021). The findings highlight substantial gender, demographic, and socioeconomic disparities in substance use patterns. Alcohol consumption was predominantly higher among men (18.3%) compared to women (4.8%), with the highest prevalence observed in the 35–49 age group for both genders. Tobacco use was even more widespread, with 28% of men and 3% of women affected. Key determinants of higher substance use included rural residence, lower educational attainment, and occupations involving manual labour. Education showed an inverse relationship with substance use; individuals with no formal education exhibited the highest prevalence, while those with higher education had significantly lower odds of consumption. Occupational disparities revealed that agricultural workers and manual labourers were most affected. Regional variations showed alcohol consumption among women was highest in South India and the Northeast, while tobacco use peaked in the Northeast. Among men, alcohol use was highest in East India, whereas tobacco use was prevalent in the Central and Northeast regions. Cultural factors, including religious and caste affiliations, also influenced consumption patterns, with Christians and Scheduled Tribes reporting higher prevalence rates. Logistic regression analysis indicated that socioeconomic factors, such as age, rural residence, and income level, were strongly associated with substance use. These findings emphasize the need for targeted public health interventions addressing the underlying demographic, socioeconomic, and cultural drivers of alcohol and tobacco use. Tailored strategies are essential to reduce the health and social impacts of these substances, particularly among vulnerable populations.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Psychological Consequences of Domestic Violence Among Wives of Alcohol-Dependent Individuals in Chennai, India
    (Indian Journal of Modern Research and Reviews, 2025) Karunakaran, Emmanuel
    Domestic violence has a profound impact on the mental health of women married to alcoholics, often leading to conditions such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD). In India, particularly in Tamil Nadu, socio-cultural factors like deeply ingrained gender roles and inadequate support systems further worsen the psychological distress these women experience. Wives of alcoholics endure both direct and indirect forms of abuse, severely affecting their mental well-being. While domestic violence has been widely studied, there is limited research specifically addressing the psychological challenges faced by these women. This study aims to fill that gap by examining the mental health issues of wives of alcoholics and providing insights for mental health professionals to develop effective interventions. Focusing on Chennai, the study explores the long-term psychological impact of domestic violence on these women. Using a multi-stage probability sampling method, 11 de-addiction centers were selected, and structured interviews with 402 participants were analyzed using SPSS. The findings reveal high levels of verbal (48.5%) and sexual (49.3%) abuse, with significant correlations between socioeconomic factors and the severity of violence, underscoring the need for targeted interventions.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Quality of Life Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients A Focus on Women Aged 18 and Above at Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi.
    (International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 2025) Karunakaran, Emmanuel
    Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) profoundly affects the quality of life (QoL), particularly among women in developing countries, where healthcare access, cultural norms, and economic limitations often exacerbate the burden of disease. This study explored the QoL among women aged 18 and above living with T2DM at Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi, with particular attention to clinical care, mental health, and social support systems. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 150 women attending the hospital’s outpatient diabetes clinic. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used alongside structured interviews to capture both quantitative and contextual data. Statistical analysis, including descriptive and regression techniques, identified key factors associated with QoL scores. Findings showed that 68% of participants experienced moderate to low QoL, with physical and psychological well-being being the most negatively impacted. Limited access to healthcare services, financial challenges, and insufficient social support emerged as major contributing factors. Conversely, women who received consistent diabetes education and reported strong family support demonstrated significantly better QoL outcomes (p < 0.05). The study highlights the urgent need for integrated and gender-sensitive diabetes care strategies. Improving healthcare accessibility, strengthening educational outreach, and building supportive community and family networks are essential to enhancing the QoL of women living with T2DM in Malawi.